Friday, August 21, 2020

Research Methodology free essay sample

The term look into alludes to the orderly strategy comprising of articulating the issue, defining a theory , gathering the realities or information , dissecting the realities and arriving at the specific resolutions either as arrangements toward the concerned issues or in specific speculations for some hypothetical plans It is really a journey of disclosure Research Purposes To pick up recognition with a marvel or to accomplish new bits of knowledge into the item ( named an exploratory or formulative research examines) To depict precisely the qualities of a specific individual , circumstance or a gathering named as expressive research considers. To decide the recurrence with which something happen s or with which it is related with something different (concentrates with this item in see are knows a s analytic research studies To test a speculation of a causal connection between factors (such investigations r known as theory testing research considers Significance of Research In the field of applied financial matters whether identified with business or to the nation in general. We will compose a custom article test on Research Methodology or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page †progressively complex nature of business , as a guide to monetary strategy both for government and business. Gives the premise to about all administration approaches in our financial framework govt. financial plans, reason for strategy improvement Special hugeness in taking care of different operational and arranging issues of business and industry . operational research, showcasing research. furthermore, alongside persuasive research is viewed as vital that outcomes in business dynamic. Similarly significant for social researchers in considering social connections and looking for answer to the different social issue. Essential Types of Research Descriptive versus Systematic: Descriptive research incorporates studies and truth discoveries enquiries of various types with the end goal of portrayal of the situation as it exist at present. Case Ref: HRM Practice in Grameen Phone for Employee Retention On the other hand Analytical research use realities or data that effectively accessible , and investigate these to make a basic assessment of the material. Case Ref: Performance Measurement or business and its movement. Applied versus Essential: Applied research targets finding an answer for and prompt issue confronting a general public or an industry or business. , Case Ref: Applied research in complex bookkeeping and revealing issue Where as key research is predominantly worried about speculations and with the detailing of a hypothesis. Case Ref. Instructive Research Quantitative versus Subjective: Quantitative research dependent on the estimation of amount or sum. Case Ref. Populace Survey or CENSUS Qualitative research is worried about subjective marvel, I. e. . Identifying with or including quality or kind ex. Case Ref. Populace Survey, Human conduct or employment fulfillments. Idea versus Observational: Conceptual research is identified with some theoretical thoughts or reconsider existing ones. Case Ref. New Product/Business Development On the other hand Empirical research depends on understanding or perception alone Case Ref. Observational Inquires and Investigation on different contextual analysis. Others Research: Field investigate, lab look into, recorded research and so forth. Research Methodology is an approach to methodicallly take care of the examination issue. It might be comprehended as a study of concentrating how research is done logically, where we study the different advances or that are commonly embraced by an analyst in examining the issue alongside rationale behind them. The specialist should know the strategies/strategy yet in addition the philosophy. Scientist not just need to realize how to build up certain lists or tests, how to ascertain the mean, middle, mode, SD yet they likewise need to know which of these strategies or procedures are pertinent and which territory not, and what might be mean and demonstrate to make choice/move under specific models/suspicion or standard. This implies are fundamental for the specialist to structure his approach for his concern as the equivalent may contrast from issue to issue Scope of Research Methodology The extent of research procedures incorporates inquire about strategies and the rationale behinds the strategies we use with regards to our examination contemplate and clarify why we are utilizing a specific strategy or method and why we are not utilizing others so look into results are fit for being assessed either by the scientist himself or by others. Why an exploration study has been embraced? How the examination issue has been characterized? How and why the speculation has been figured ? What information have been gathered and why specific strategy has been embraced, what specific procedure is utilized n comparative different inquiries are normally replied when we discuss investigate approach concerning an examination issue or study ? Characteristics of Good Research Good research is efficient : that is organized with indicated steps in a succession as characterized set of rules. Great research is legitimate: that is coherent thinking and sensible procedure or extraordinary incentive in doing research. Legitimate research makes investigate progressively important with regards to dynamic. Great research is Empirical: identified with at least one parts of a genuine circumstance and manages solid information for outside legitimacy reason. Great research is Replicable: Research results to be confirmed by reproducing the examination and subsequently a sound reason for choice. Issue FACED IN RESEARCH absence of logical preparing in the technique of research Insufficient communication between the college inquire about divisions Lack of certainty on scientist because of abuse of center data Researcher examines covering each other are attempted regularly for need of sufficient data. There doesn’t exist a set of accepted rules for scientists and between college and bury departmental competitions are additionally very normal. Absence of sufficient and auspicious secretarial help There is likewise the trouble of opportune accessible of distributed information from different government and different offices. Case Ref: HRM Practice in Grameen Phone for Employee Retention Problem Statement solid rivalry in Business (Inter/Nationally) particularly reason for rare high instruction ability, and makes worker maintenance a critical move in keeping serious Edge. Representative maintenance alludes to arrangements and practices organizations use to keep significant workers from exiting their position A viable human asset the executives rehearses specifically worker strengthening, preparing and advancement, examination framework pay are the principle factor for the achievement of a firm on worker maintenance Quantitative information was gathered utilizing the non likelihood self regulated poll that comprise of inquiries with 5-focuses Likert scales circulated to our examples of 278 people. By utilizing a Multiple Regression Analysis, it is discovered that, preparation and improvement, evaluation framework, remuneration bundle are critical to representative maintenance aside from worker strengthening Employees are the foundation of an association. Henceforth, the maintenance of the representatives is significant in keeping the association on target. So as to hold the best gifts, procedures planned for fulfilling employee’s needs are executed, paying little heed to worldwide organizations or little estimated firms. Speculation Of Study Representative Training H0: There is no huge connection between worker preparing and worker maintenance. H1: There is critical connection between representative preparing and worker maintenance. Examination System H0: There is no critical connection between evaluation framework and worker maintenance. H1: There is noteworthy connection between examination framework and worker maintenance. Representative Compensation H0: There is no huge connection between worker remuneration and representative maintenance. H1: There is critical connection between representative remuneration and worker maintenance. Representative Empowerment H0: There is no critical connection between worker strengthening and worker maintenance. H1: There is critical connection between representative strengthening and worker maintenance. As per the model outline over, the R square worth had increase 0. 680, which is 68 percent. These imply that 68% of ward variable of maintenance can be clarified by it 4 autonomous variable. The free factor allude to incorporate worker strengthening, remuneration, preparing and evaluation framework in this examination, it will infer that 32% (100% 68%) of ward variable of maintenance is clarified by other potential components. The estimation of balanced R square with estimation of 0. 463 which 46. 3% spoke to the critical commitment of the 4 free factor toward subordinate variable. Table ANOVA Model Summary Table at above decide good outcome as the hugeness level of the model isn't finished or littler than 0. 05. Therefore, model that utilized in this examination is acceptable. Various Regression Analysis Table . Different Regression Coefficient Multiple Regression condition: Y= C + ? X1 + ? X2 + ? X3 +†¦.. + ? Xn Y= Prediction relationship of sorts of factors toward maintenance. C= Constant worth. ?= Unstandardized coefficient. X= Dimension of free factor (worker strengthening, pay, preparing and evaluation framework). In light of the above table, we ready to infer the accompanying condition: Y= 0. 577 + 0. 047X1 + 0. 413X2 + 0. 155X3 + 0. 262X4 This can be deciphered that the expansion of 1 unit of worker strengthening (X1) may bring about the raise of 0. 047 units in maintenance (Y). Notwithstanding, for the free factor of pay, each 1 unit of increment will acquire the raise of 0. 413 units in dependentvariable, maintenance. On the others hand, 1 unit increment in preparing may cause 0. 155 units of maintenance to increment. At long last, evaluation

General Electric Business Model

General Electric Business Model © Shutterstock.com | Carsten ReisingerGE is one of the oldest and biggest corporations in the world. In this article, we will look at 1) introduction to GE, 2) history, 3) business model, and 4) business segments, and its products and services.INTRODUCTION TO  GEGeneral Electric or GE is a multinational conglomeration organization that originated in the United States. It is incorporated in New York and the headquarters are based in Fairfield, Connecticut. The company operates in several areas including Energy, Technology Infrastructure, Capital Finance and products in the Consumer and Industrial category.The company was created by Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb. The company is often considered the most successful conglomerate in the world. The basis for this is that it reached its conglomerate status before this became a common practice for companies. Since its inception, the company has continued to grow, expand and innovate in a variety of industries and fields incl uding things that range from electric fans to airplanes.The company was ranked the 26th largest company and the 14th most profitable one in America in 2011. This was based on gross revenue but another list ranked the company 4th among the Forbes Global 2000 by considering more detailed metrics. It has also been listed as the 7th best company for leaders and 15th most admired company by Fortune in 2011/2012, number 5 for best global brand by Interbrand, and by Fast Company as the 19th most innovative company.HISTORYThe GE founder Thomas Edison is considered a genius both as a businessman and as an inventor. He began his legacy from a workshop that set the groundwork for GE. This workshop was set up in 1876 when he set out to explore the potential for various inventions that he had seen at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia the same year. Eventually this workshop was where he created his most important invention, the electric light. Over the years that followed, his early inven tions became the basis for different lines of products through the 19th and 20th centuries to present day.A timeline of General Electric is given below1878 â€" 1904 © Flickr | Marion DossThomas Edison created the Edison Electric Light Company in 1878. The following year he finalized the first commercially viable incandescent lamp that survived a 40 hour duration test. By 1979, Edison and his team had managed to create dynamos, devices that were used to turn mechanical energy into electrical energy. The application was these would allow entire neighborhood lighting systems to be powered. Edison patented his lamp in 1880 and continued to improve his design by using different materials and ideas. By 1882, he set up the Edison Electric Illuminating Company and began construction on New York City’s first power station. He set up a lamp factory in New Jersey in 1890 and in 1892, GE was formed by the merger of Edison’s company and another prominent manufacturer of dynamos and electric lights. Thomson-Houston. By 1895 the company had begun producing items such as large electric locomotives and transformers and with the discovery of the X-ray, elect rical equipment to produce these Xrays. By 1900, the company’s distinct logo was registered and the establishment of the brand began. In the same year, the company set up a 3 person laboratory to conduct scientific research, a first of its kind. By 1902, the company patented the electric fan.1905 â€" 1934In 1932, the company created the GE Credit Corporation to help sell appliances to American families during the great depression.In the same period, GE contributed to the electricity operated controls for the Panama Canal, as well as advancements to cathode ray tubes and the electric stove. The company also began producing precursors to modern refrigerators. The company also developed the technology that was used both in WW2 radars and microwave ovens. The company continued to improve its technologies and find applications in real world products such as airplane altitude controls, electronic controls and safety switches, panel board and switchboards used in the construction of the Empire State Building. The washing machine was also introduced.In 1905, GE’s first contribution to the kitchen, the electric toaster, appeared. This was followed by efforts in the direction of business capitalization and cash flow by the setup of the Electric Bond and Share Co. The aim of this was to finance small utilities, setting the basis for GE’s Commercial Finance division. A GE engineer worked for two years to help the world’s first voice radio broadcast become successful in 1906 by designing and creating a high frequency alternator. Advancements in technology continued and the GE research lab created ductile tungsten filament, making the lamp more efficient. This material is still used in light bulbs. In 1910 the company created the first electric cooking range and in 1912 improvements were made to the vacuum tube. This is what made modern electronics possible. In the same year, the company also finished work on the first electricity propelled US Navy vessel as well as on the molding of plastic parts for use as an insulation material.1935 â€" 1970Continuing with both home appliances and major scientific inventions, the company opened a space center in 1961 to increase its stake in putting a man on the moon. A year later the solid state laser was invented by a GE scientist as well as a superconductor magnet in 1962. These technologies led to inventions such as the CD player, laser printer, fiber optic communication and advances in modern medical imaging and diagnostics. Xray technology also evolved allowing reduced exposure to xrays as well as clearer pictures. In 1969, the first man on the moon took his first steps in boots developed from GE silicone rubber. Other GE involvement included overall quality control, systems engineering support, launch vehicle testing and ship to satellite systems that allowed live color TV images of the splashdown and recovery.In 1935 the company’s Novalux lamps led to the first major league baseball night game. Ot her contributions included the GE supercharger in the the plane that set the air flight record in 1937. In 1939, the first woman scientist to join the GE lab invented glass that is used in all camera lenses and optical devices till today.in 1940 the company made advancements with new silicone chemistry which has widespread applications. In 1942 the company built the first jet engine in the US as well as demonstrating the first turboprop and in 1943 the autopilot was invented. By 1945, the company had developed the first commercial radar and in 1946 a GE scientist developed cloud seeding technology. Military work during this time included the jet engine J79 which was a ground breaking technology. In 1953, GE scientists discovered Lexan polycarbonate resin which is a transparent plastic with extensive uses to this day. Other discoveries and inventions during this time included industrial diamonds, an engine for the fastest jet transport, further work on plastics, a jet engine that ope rated at three times the speed of sound, a licensed nuclear power plant, the electric can opener, the oven toaster, the halogen lamp, the first manmade object to orbit the earth, the Lucalox lamp, and powerful and compact motor and rechargeable batteries which led to devices such as the electric toothbrush, hair dryers and slicing knivesThe company continued developments in all sectors. In the home improvement category, the company launched a food waste disposal system in 1935. The following year the company launched a series of smaller kitchen appliances including a juicer, a table cooker, a portable mixer, an automatic roaster and a coffee machine. In 1947 the company made advancements to its refrigerator by creating a two door freezer-refrigerator combination. The same year, cooking equipment was developed for fast food operations. In 1954, a fully automatic dishwasher was introduced.1971 2000Through the 1970s, the company continued its advancement in technology by producing the first portable room air conditioner. Other innovations included a computed tomography scanner, innovations in kitchen appliances and consumer electronics as well as fused quartz ingots that can be used to make long fiber optic strands. In 1983 the company created the MRI system making it possible to image soft tissues within the human body. In 1989, the company diversified further and launched a news and business news channel. In 1992, the company continued its foray into space by building the Mar Observer for NASA. In 1993, clinical investigations began in the company’s MRT system to help physicians view internal organs real time. In 1994, GE became the first fortune 500 company to go online and in 1996 the comprehensive portal GE.com was launched. In three years the site was also selling items online. Other major events in this period included development of the world’s most powerful commercial jet engine for Boeing, functional anatomical mapping, a cardiovascular mapping sys tem and the world’s first diagnostic agent to identify Parkinson’s disease.2001 â€" 2014In this period, the company made advancements in cancer diagnostics, lighting technology, new generation ultrasound imaging, involvement with the international space station, medical information systems, fuel efficient rail systems, transportation tracking systems, smart home solutions, portable narcotics and explosives identification systems, miniature cardiovascular ultrasound system, TV technology, organic LED technology, HD medical imaging systems, advanced PET/CT scanning systems, high power white LED, a hybrid locomotive prototype, a compact ECG machine, an HD CT scanner, super hyrdrophobic nano coatings which have implications for industry, biofuel, printed OLEDs, remote assembly from a kit, hybrid haulers, biomarker technology to map proteins in tumors, a genome project, airborne toxin detection, holographic data storage, energy smart LED and energy management. In this period the comp any sold of its media arm as well as its appliances business. BUSINESS MODELGE has a successful business model that can help other companies learn and grow. The key is to not forget organizational culture, history and context and consider how specific techniques were used in key features of the company. The main features of the GE business model include:The CultureA focus on individual achievementA consideration of a rebel as a hero (Jack Welch rebelled against much of the management practices before he became CEO)An encouragement of circumventing the hierarchyThe importance of competitiveness both within the company and externallyPerformance as a determining factor of loyaltyDirect and confrontational communicationLeaders who are individuals and not groups or teams.The culture is a background which drives a company’s success. The GE culture specifically is extremely American.Core CompetenciesGE’s core competencies are much more than just a set of management techniques or a busi ness model. Instead, the following make the company a success:The company selects best practices that are most relevant to its immediate futureThe company adapts and implements these practices perfectlyThe company continues to evolve and change its management practices as the need emerges. This is done by adopting new practices and discarding older methods that may have led to success at some point but are no longer relevant.BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND ITS PRODUCTS AND SERVICESBasic segments for the company are vast and diversified. Some of these include:GE CapitalThis is the financial services arm of the company. The services offered include commercial lending, leasing and financial services for healthcare, media, communications, entertainment, consumers, real estate and aviation.The company underwrites loans and leases to hold on its own balance sheet and the focus is not on generating revenue from the same. The company targets small and medium companies and is not restricted to a parti cular industry or geography. The loans are secured by tangible assets.GE Energy ManagementThis are took over some of the activities of GE Energy in 2013. Products and services include automation and process control, drives,  critical power, geospatial systems, electrical distribution, high voltage equipment, industrial communication, monitoring and diagnostics, power conversion, motors and generators, protection and control and smart metering among others. These products are divided into three main categories and further subcategories.1. Industrial SolutionsGE Power ElectronicsGE Power ComponentsGE Critical PowerGE Intelligent Platforms2. Power Conversion3. Digital EnergyGE Oil and GasThe Oil and Gas segments offers products and services that include condition monitoring and diagnostics, EOR solutions, fuel dispensers, LNG solutions, gas storage, industrial power generation, land drilling, measurement and sensing, offshore drilling, plant and unit controls, pipeline integration serv ices, refinery and petrochemicals and subsea solutions.GE Power and WaterThis segment offers power generation products, power generation services, distributed power, Hitachi nuclear energy, renewable energy and water and process technologies.GE Home Business SolutionsThis division of the company was created in 2007. The unit included appliances, lighting and intelligent platforms. The last was later moved to energy management. In September 2014, the company sold this unit to Electrolux. Lighting was moved to the Growth and Innovation division within the company.GE AviationThis division is based in Ohio and is one of the world’s leading suppliers of aircraft engines for commercial aircraft. Main competitors include Rolls-Royce and Pratt Whitney. Main products include turbojets, high bypass turbofans, light and low bypass turbofans, turboshafts, turboprops and fans, industrial aero derivatives, vehicle propulsion, and marine propulsion.GE TransportationFormerly called GE Rail, thi s division provides equipment for railroad, marine, mining, drilling and energy generation industries. Rail products include freight and passenger diesel-electric locomotives and related items such as railroad signaling equipment and locomotive parts and repairs. Propulsion products include electric motors and systems for mining, oil drilling and wind turbine industries. Battery products are made for rail, marine, telecommunications and energy industries.GE HealthcareThis is the largest division of GE that is based outside the US and provides transformational medical technologies and services. Products include medical imaging and information technologies, medical diagnostics, patient monitoring systems, drug discovery and biopharmaceutical manufacturing technologies. Key competitors for this division include Hitachi Medical, Carestream Health, Philips Healthcare, Siemens Healthcare and Toshiba Medical Systems.

Wednesday, July 1, 2020

4 Don’ts for Your Residency Personal Statement

The ERAS (Electronic Residency Application Service) opened back in June, and now it’s already September, so it’s time to get cracking on those residency essays! Why your residency essays are so important Your personal statement is a vital part of your residency application: it provides you with an opportunity to explain why you’ve chosen your target specialty and to show the committee who you are and why you’d be the best candidate for the job. Unlike other pieces of your application (such as letters of rec), your personal statement is something that you have complete control over. Make the most of it! Avoid these personal statement mistakes at all costs Here are 4 things you should AVOID when preparing your residency personal statement: DON’T explain why you went into medicine. This isn’t a med school application; you’ve already convinced your med school’s adcom why you want to be a doctor. Now that you are a doctor, that information is really beside the point. Instead, write about your next stage in this medical adventure: why you want to be a specific type of doctor. DON’T offer a superficial or generic explanation for choosing your specialty. Show that you are serious about your chosen field by giving a serious explanation. Saying that you have wanted to become a surgeon ever since playing Operation as a child doesn’t really shed the right level of knowledge or experience on your decision. Most likely, you’ve chosen your field based on something you learned or an experience you had during med school. Go with that instead. For example, instead of saying that you like the fast-paced energy of the emergency room, talk about a particular experience you had while doing rounds in the ER – include details about the energy that you felt, how your people skills and your ability to stay calm under pressure came into play, and how you felt a sense of accomplishment in helping patients find immediate relief. Mention how you had a professor who had worked for 30 years in the ER and how you had connected with this professor and her stories and teachings. The more examples you can give about why this specialty is the specialty for you, the better. DON’T send the same personal statement to each of the programs you’re applying to. It should go without saying that since your reasons for applying to each of your given programs are different, then your essays should be different as well. After all, you’re supposed to write about why each program appeals to you – they can’t all have the same attraction. Yes, you may be able to â€Å"recycle† certain parts of your essay, but you should approach each one as a completely new assignment. Using your â€Å"fresh† voice will keep your writing sounding authentic. DON’T use all 28,000 characters for your personal statement. The 28,000 character limit (approximately five pages) set by ERAS is the absolute maximum your essay is allowed to be. But that doesn’t mean that it should be that long. In fact, no residency director wants to read that much, or even close to that much. Try and stick to a one-page essay that addresses all of your key points. Your essay will be more effective if you’re more to the point and concise. You can offer longer answers during your interview. Do you want one-on-one professional assistance with your residency application? Check out our Residency Application Package, which includes advising, editing, interview coaching, and guidance for every element of your residency application. For 25 years, Accepted has helped applicants gain acceptance to their dream healthcare programs. Our outstanding team of admissions consultants features former admissions directors, admissions committee members, pre-health advisors, postbac program directors, and doctors. Our staff has guided applicants to acceptance at allopathic (MD) and osteopathic (DO) medical schools, residencies and fellowships, dental school, veterinarian school, and physician assistant programs at top schools such as Harvard, Stanford, Penn, UCSF, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, and many more.  Want an admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ From Example to Exemplary, a free guide to writing outstanding application essays †¢ 4 Must-Haves in Residency Personal Statements †¢ All You Need to Know About Residency Applications and Matching 4 Don’ts for Your Residency Personal Statement The ERAS (Electronic Residency Application Service) opened back in June, and now it’s already September, so it’s time to get cracking on those residency essays! Why your residency essays are so important Your personal statement is a vital part of your residency application: it provides you with an opportunity to explain why you’ve chosen your target specialty and to show the committee who you are and why you’d be the best candidate for the job. Unlike other pieces of your application (such as letters of rec), your personal statement is something that you have complete control over. Make the most of it! Avoid these personal statement mistakes at all costs Here are 4 things you should AVOID when preparing your residency personal statement: DON’T explain why you went into medicine. This isn’t a med school application; you’ve already convinced your med school’s adcom why you want to be a doctor. Now that you are a doctor, that information is really beside the point. Instead, write about your next stage in this medical adventure: why you want to be a specific type of doctor. DON’T offer a superficial or generic explanation for choosing your specialty. Show that you are serious about your chosen field by giving a serious explanation. Saying that you have wanted to become a surgeon ever since playing Operation as a child doesn’t really shed the right level of knowledge or experience on your decision. Most likely, you’ve chosen your field based on something you learned or an experience you had during med school. Go with that instead. For example, instead of saying that you like the fast-paced energy of the emergency room, talk about a particular experience you had while doing rounds in the ER – include details about the energy that you felt, how your people skills and your ability to stay calm under pressure came into play, and how you felt a sense of accomplishment in helping patients find immediate relief. Mention how you had a professor who had worked for 30 years in the ER and how you had connected with this professor and her stories and teachings. The more examples you can give about why this specialty is the specialty for you, the better. DON’T send the same personal statement to each of the programs you’re applying to. It should go without saying that since your reasons for applying to each of your given programs are different, then your essays should be different as well. After all, you’re supposed to write about why each program appeals to you – they can’t all have the same attraction. Yes, you may be able to â€Å"recycle† certain parts of your essay, but you should approach each one as a completely new assignment. Using your â€Å"fresh† voice will keep your writing sounding authentic. DON’T use all 28,000 characters for your personal statement. The 28,000 character limit (approximately five pages) set by ERAS is the absolute maximum your essay is allowed to be. But that doesn’t mean that it should be that long. In fact, no residency director wants to read that much, or even close to that much. Try and stick to a one-page essay that addresses all of your key points. Your essay will be more effective if you’re more to the point and concise. You can offer longer answers during your interview. Do you want one-on-one professional assistance with your residency application? Check out our Residency Application Package, which includes advising, editing, interview coaching, and guidance for every element of your residency application. For 25 years, Accepted has helped applicants gain acceptance to their dream healthcare programs. Our outstanding team of admissions consultants features former admissions directors, admissions committee members, pre-health advisors, postbac program directors, and doctors. Our staff has guided applicants to acceptance at allopathic (MD) and osteopathic (DO) medical schools, residencies and fellowships, dental school, veterinarian school, and physician assistant programs at top schools such as Harvard, Stanford, Penn, UCSF, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, and many more.  Want an admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ From Example to Exemplary, a free guide to writing outstanding application essays †¢ 4 Must-Haves in Residency Personal Statements †¢ All You Need to Know About Residency Applications and Matching 4 Don’ts for Your Residency Personal Statement The ERAS (Electronic Residency Application Service) opened back in June, and now it’s already September, so it’s time to get cracking on those residency essays! Why your residency essays are so important Your personal statement is a vital part of your residency application: it provides you with an opportunity to explain why you’ve chosen your target specialty and to show the committee who you are and why you’d be the best candidate for the job. Unlike other pieces of your application (such as letters of rec), your personal statement is something that you have complete control over. Make the most of it! Avoid these personal statement mistakes at all costs Here are 4 things you should AVOID when preparing your residency personal statement: DON’T explain why you went into medicine. This isn’t a med school application; you’ve already convinced your med school’s adcom why you want to be a doctor. Now that you are a doctor, that information is really beside the point. Instead, write about your next stage in this medical adventure: why you want to be a specific type of doctor. DON’T offer a superficial or generic explanation for choosing your specialty. Show that you are serious about your chosen field by giving a serious explanation. Saying that you have wanted to become a surgeon ever since playing Operation as a child doesn’t really shed the right level of knowledge or experience on your decision. Most likely, you’ve chosen your field based on something you learned or an experience you had during med school. Go with that instead. For example, instead of saying that you like the fast-paced energy of the emergency room, talk about a particular experience you had while doing rounds in the ER – include details about the energy that you felt, how your people skills and your ability to stay calm under pressure came into play, and how you felt a sense of accomplishment in helping patients find immediate relief. Mention how you had a professor who had worked for 30 years in the ER and how you had connected with this professor and her stories and teachings. The more examples you can give about why this specialty is the specialty for you, the better. DON’T send the same personal statement to each of the programs you’re applying to. It should go without saying that since your reasons for applying to each of your given programs are different, then your essays should be different as well. After all, you’re supposed to write about why each program appeals to you – they can’t all have the same attraction. Yes, you may be able to â€Å"recycle† certain parts of your essay, but you should approach each one as a completely new assignment. Using your â€Å"fresh† voice will keep your writing sounding authentic. DON’T use all 28,000 characters for your personal statement. The 28,000 character limit (approximately five pages) set by ERAS is the absolute maximum your essay is allowed to be. But that doesn’t mean that it should be that long. In fact, no residency director wants to read that much, or even close to that much. Try and stick to a one-page essay that addresses all of your key points. Your essay will be more effective if you’re more to the point and concise. You can offer longer answers during your interview. Do you want one-on-one professional assistance with your residency application? Check out our Residency Application Package, which includes advising, editing, interview coaching, and guidance for every element of your residency application. For 25 years, Accepted has helped applicants gain acceptance to their dream healthcare programs. Our outstanding team of admissions consultants features former admissions directors, admissions committee members, pre-health advisors, postbac program directors, and doctors. Our staff has guided applicants to acceptance at allopathic (MD) and osteopathic (DO) medical schools, residencies and fellowships, dental school, veterinarian school, and physician assistant programs at top schools such as Harvard, Stanford, Penn, UCSF, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, and many more.  Want an admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ From Example to Exemplary, a free guide to writing outstanding application essays †¢ 4 Must-Haves in Residency Personal Statements †¢ All You Need to Know About Residency Applications and Matching

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Essay Topics For Guns Germs and Steel - Tips For Writing Ideas for an Essay Topic

Essay Topics For Guns Germs and Steel - Tips For Writing Ideas for an Essay TopicIn order to have a good essay topic for guns germs and steel, you should choose a topic that will stimulate your creative brain. You need to keep in mind that you can get no entertainment from an essay topic that will bore you. A good topic is usually one that you want to work on and that you can actually explain in full. Here are some points to consider when you are trying to come up with a good topic for guns germs and steel.With that in mind, there are a couple of questions you need to ask yourself in regard to the exact topic you will be writing about. The first question is, what specific subtopic should I cover? Is it a specific type of gun, a specific gun that has been designed to kill in one shot, or does it even matter? Remember that you will be answering the same questions, which means that your main goal is to help yourself in figuring out what the best subtopic is to focus on.A second question you will want to ask yourself is how is my essay topics for guns germs and steel different from those in class? The idea is to make it look like you know more about guns than your instructor and others, and to hopefully catch the instructor's attention. While this may seem like a good idea at first, it could prove to be a little difficult if you do not know what to talk about and what ideas to avoid.A third question, you will want to ask yourself is what are some good essay topics for guns germs and steel. It is important to keep in mind that an essay can be an excellent way to get through class if you just provide ideas that will prove interesting. In class, you will always be writing and so it will be easier for you to come up with ideas for essays. In addition, if you do not get a good grade on your essays, you are almost assuredly going to have trouble getting into college the next year.A fourth question, you will want to ask yourself is how can you inject your essay topics for guns germs and steel with your own unique ideas? You do not want to be just as much of a researcher as you are a writer. You need to be able to communicate with the reader through your essay topics for guns germs and steel.While it is important to think about the topics for your essay topics for guns germs and steel, you do not need to be perfect when writing. Try to stay away from the thought processes that you know will not work for you and try to find some types of ideas that you will be able to work with. For example, if you know that you will get a bad grade, you will not have to worry about those topics.In order to avoid getting a bad grade on your essay topics for guns germs and steel, you will want to make sure you are not too specific with your ideas. If you can find different ways to express your ideas, you will be able to make your essays more interesting. Remember, you do not have to be perfect when writing an essay topic for guns germs and steel, you just have to make sure that you are interesting.

Monday, May 25, 2020

A Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift - 910 Words

Equality then and now Progress is measured by time some people say, but how much time does it take for humans to have equality for everyone around the world? In 1792, Jonathan Swift drafted an essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal† to bring awareness of a particular group of people being mistreated and victimized. Fast forward 284 years later, Martin Luther King Jr. gave a speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† bringing more public awareness of another group of people being mistreated and victimized. Today, 52 years later we are still struggling for human rights and equality; as a result, I feel our country is still just as torn now as it was 286 years ago. Jonathan Swifts â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is speaking to the English Government and wealthy land owners, on the poverty stricken Irish families and the inhumanities he had to witness. The English Government at the time did little to nothing for the wondering begging families. The wealthy just passed by them in the streets ignori ng the begging families. Swift makes a proposal in the essay speaking to the government and the wealthy land owners to take care of the beggar’s children, so the children have a chance at equality and making them useful members of the common wealth. â€Å"In the present deplorable state of the kingdom a very great additional grievance; and therefore whoever could find out a fair, cheap, and easy method of making these children sound, useful members of the common wealth would deserve so well of the public as to have his statue set upShow MoreRelatedA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesIn Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, we are exposed to the timeless issue of homelessness and the state’s role in their social welfare. Swift was a fervent Irish patriot who was disgusted by the flourishing trend of beggars and hungry children that flooded the streets of his beloved country. This topic is relatable as this is a social issue that plagues many countries in the present age. Swift presents a satirical argument in which he proposes Ireland adopt the horrific practices of eating theirRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1647 Words   |  7 PagesSatire in â€Å"A Modest Proposal† and Different Articles Jonathan Swift, author of â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† tries to present different ideas in order to change the situation of Ireland. Through his proposal, he is able to get people’s attention, and the way he uses satire throughout the article made his argument more successful. He wrote this essay to show how ignored and bad the state of Ireland and its social classes are. In â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, Swift effectively uses rhetorical exaggeration to expressRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift982 Words   |  4 Pages Jonathan Swift, author of â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† tries to present different ideas in order to change the situation of Ireland. Through his proposal, he is able to get his point across. He wrote this essay to show how undeveloped and bad the state of Ireland is and the social classes. In â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, Swift effectively uses insincerity, sarcasm, and rhetorical exaggeration to reveal his annoyance of politicians, papists, and overall citizens of poverty-stricken Ireland in the late seventeenthRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift813 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift, author of the satirical piece â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† organized an outrageous proposal to the people of Ireland. In this pamphlet, Swift offered his personal views on how to overcome Ireland’s issue of overpopulation and poverty. By raising nationwide attention, Swift plan to shock the readers by emphasizing the idea of cannibalism as a way to deal with Irelandâ€℠¢s problems. Swift’s technique of audience, tone, and pathos help determine the advantages and disadvantages of â€Å"A Model Proposal†Read MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1333 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A modest proposal† by Jonathan Swift is an essay, which was written to elaborate the poverty of people in Ireland. Where poor viewed as having an absence of worth in the public eye, playing no essential part in more noteworthy else s benefit of the people. Swift uses situational irony in this essay which also represented a work of satire. By definition situational irony happens when the final outcome is opposing to what was expected. Basically his proposal was for poor children roaming around theRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift860 Words   |  4 PagesI was informed to read â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathan Swift as an assignment for creating annotated bibliographies, I began to develop an interest on how Swift came about the matte r of his request into rebuilding Ireland s economy and way of life. I believed that Swift added cannibalizing children to the subject matter to give his proposal a more profound and eye-opening effect, but my readings further piqued my interests on the topic. As a result, I researched Jonathan Swift’s motives and styleRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1057 Words   |  5 Pages A Modest Proposal â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, written in 1979 by Jonathan Swift, is a fascinating sardonic, overwhelming hyperbole. He explores the miserable fate of poverty-striven Irish whose struggle in vain in an effort to feed their huge emaciated families. In the essay, Swift advocates that the penurious Irish should sell their babies to the rich ladies and gentlemen and obtain monetary power required to ease their economic predicaments. The straight-faced parody that features predominantly in theRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1340 Words   |  6 PagesA Modest Proposal was written in the year 1729 by the famous satirist Jonathan Swift. In his work he outlines the pros of eating unwanted children of Ireland for economical benefits in a time of great poverty. While the reader can obviously discard the idea of eating children, in his proposal, in a roundabout way, Swift speaks to hard pressing issues of the time. The state of Ireland is well described by Swift in this piece. He speaks of woman who â€Å"instead of being able to work for their honestRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1795 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever thought about eating an infant to ease your economic hardship? You’re not the only one! Jonathan Swift wrote an entire pamphlet about it (satirically, of course). Satire has the ability to point out societal inadequacy and ridicule political policies in a way that is humorous in its absurdity while masking its true intent. In A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift, the author’s use of exaggeration and irony to draw attention to the meaningless lives of the Irish people to English ruleRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1032 Words   |  5 PagesJonathan Swift’s satirical pamphlet, A Modest Proposal, as a way to ironically find a way For the CommonWealth of Ireland to benefit from the starving children. He proposes the idea that an un wanted child should be fattened up then feed to landlords or have their meat sold in the market. In turn curing the nation’s problem of overpopulation and contribute to the economic well-being of the nation. Swift’s satire exploits the fundamental human function of eating. The need to eat is a driving human

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Characteristics Of Confucius On Good Government - 1030 Words

The historical period Confucius on Good Government was written during the period of the first century B.C until the 20th century B.C. Confucius on good government was a source that centralized on the beliefs and thoughts of Confucius. Confucius argued that only good men possessing moral authority could rule effectively. It was said that human nature is not perfect, but it is capable of being changed by example of sincere virtue. He wanted it to be known to all people that if your desire is for good, the people will be good. Confucius believed that if laws and guidelines were set in place that every person during this time should follow them. If a person didn’t abide by these rules or laws, there would be punishment put in place. In the†¦show more content†¦The source from the past â€Å"Confucius on Good Government† was written by the follower of Confucius. This source was written on September 28, 551 B.C-479 B.C. The author may have written the document to ins ure the thoughts on how a government should be ran, how people of that state should act, and how people should want to learn. â€Å"If people be led by laws, and uniformity be imposed on them by punishments, they will try to avoid the punishment, but will have no sense of shame†. Arthur Jacques Gerent’s work reveals Confucianism as a perfectly harmonious society, which is only achieved by a ritual behavior of good man, pursing their education and self-knowledge, having respect for the elders who are in power. Good behavior is the mostly the only thing that Confucius mainly focused on. â€Å"It is also true, in public morality, under the Han the accent was put on the virtue of submission to one elder’s and on respect for the classification of people according to their age†. There was so much hostility toward the merchant people, this cause problems for the Chinese society. This hostility caused so much profound effects in the city state, which gave the C hinese their own character. Gerent states that â€Å"the deepest reasons Lewis 3 reason for this hostilityShow MoreRelatedThe Five Relationships’ that are Illustrated in Confucianism1017 Words   |  5 PagesAnalects, a compilation of Confucius’ teachings, is greatly recognized as a work of utmost importance and influence in the Chinese culture. The book conveys Confucius’ beliefs on a wide variety of topics, including propriety, education, family relations, and government in efforts to enhance social order. Confucius’ social philosophy is greatly directed towards the concept of ren. Ren symbolizes the characteristics of goodness and altruism, and is defined as being â€Å"compassionate†. However, displayingRead MoreTying Together Yin, Yang, Dao, and the Chinese Dream of Golden Age1726 Words   |  7 Pagesopposite of yang; it is wet and cold, slower and regressive in nature. Furthermore, yang objects (males) are seen as positive, heavenly and more important elements then yin objects (females). Objects in nature may at times have both yang and yin characteristics, or can even change from yin to yang and visa versa, depending on the circumstances they are placed in. Dao goes beyond the concepts of yin and yang in that it seeks to understand nature as a whole in harmony and cooperation with all. The beliefRead MoreEssay on Confucius and Plato843 Words   |  4 Pages Confucius and Plato nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Confucius and Plato are two of the most respected and most widely studied teachers of history. There philosophies of how people should be governed and what characteristics make for a good leader. Both men’s ideas are good for the civilizations that they lived in, and they shared many similarities in their ideas. My own ideas of an ideal leader are a mixture of these two men’s ideas. The personal experiences of both men also play a key role in howRead MoreSocrates And Confucius. Numerous Thoughts And Behaviors949 Words   |  4 PagesSocrates and Confucius Numerous thoughts and behaviors of people are influenced noticeably or invisibly by our society and culture. Compare Westerners with Easterners, plenty of ideas they share are in common. Whereas, the special identities which come from their own culture changed them differently. Along with the development of human culture, great ancient thinkers and philosophers contributed their life to influence people’s beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors from generation toRead MoreComparing The Attitude Towards Human Nature On Confucianism And Legalism1589 Words   |  7 PagesCompare the attitude towards human nature in Confucianism and Legalism (e.g. Han Feizi). What are the implications of these attitudes for other aspects of their philosophy, such as education and government? The Juxtaposition of Confucianism and Legalism Amidst the chaos and political turmoil characteristic of the Warring States period in Chinese history, Confucianism and Legalism arose as two prominent and competing schools of thought. These two ideologies differed in their sociopolitical viewpointRead MoreConfucianism Of Han Chin Synthesis And Syncretion1581 Words   |  7 Pagescaused by the political elites showing little to no interest in maintaining the Confucian form of government. This paper will analyze the synthesis and syncretism of Confucianism into the Han Dynasty. Introduction It was during the former Han Dynasty period that Confucianism developed from being the teachings of a few scholars at the end of the Chou period, to becoming the philosophy of the government. This had set Confucianism to become the dominating feature of Chinese culture and to affect a largeRead More Confucian Philosophy and Corporate Responsibility1630 Words   |  7 Pagestraditions are heavily concerned with responsibility and societal harmony while others are far more preoccupied with free choice and individual rights. Looking to Confucianism, the philosophy of Confucius (or King fu-tzu), one can see a philosophy that places a great deal of emphasis on human responsibility. Confucius is, in fact, the most influential thinker in human history if influence were to be measured by the number of people who have lived in accordance with a philosopher’s vision. (Ames, 28) TurningRead MoreLi in Confucianism Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesLi in Confucianism Analects is a book of collected sayings of Confucius (Kong Zi, 551-479 B.C.). It is one of the most important texts of Confucianism. This classical text has been translated by a lot of Western people, and remains a hot topic in Chinese Studies (or Sinology). Herbert Fingarettes book Confucius -- the Secular as Sacred focuses on Li, one of the core concepts about human nature, comportment and relationships in Confucianism. As a professional philosopher, the author isRead MoreThe Roman And Chinese Empires1176 Words   |  5 Pagesboth complex, independent empires with unique characteristics. Although each empire is independent, there are variables that allow them to be similar to one another within their strengths and weaknesses. The Chinese empires were established in around 221 B.C.E., and the Roman Republic was first administered in around 500 B.C.E. Both the Roman and Chinese empires underwent a series of various transitions to obtain their current status in terms of governme nt systems, legal ideas, and in-depth philosophiesRead MoreComparison between Classical Athens and Han China1005 Words   |  5 Pagesthe population in both societies, Han China and Classical Athens had disparities proportionate to their physical sizes. The geographical isolation from each other resulted in the differences in demographics, characteristics of government structures, individual duties and roles in government, and the general view of life. The east to west length of the Han Empire dwarfs the city-state of Athens. The maps of Classical Greece and Han China display the basic geography of each area. The surrounding

Friday, May 15, 2020

The different methods of company evaluation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2441 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Level High school Tags: Investment Essay Did you like this example?   Critically review the different methods of company evaluation Valuation tools including Share Value Analysis (SVA) and the value drivers of SVA and how they are seen to drive the value of a company. In order to critically review the different types of methods of company evaluation, one must understand the meaning of company evaluation and to understand what valuation tools are available to use for example Share Value Analysis (SVA), the drivers of Share Value Analysis and how they are seen to drive the company. In order to investigate information which is needed for evaluating companies there are certain factors which need to be considered, factors which affect the value of the company and the sources of information which are needed. There are specific analysis which must be performed before a company evaluation can be determined, these are business strategy analysis, accounting analysis, financial analysis and a prospective analysis. A business strategy anal ysis is the ability to evaluate the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s present financial position and the likely performance in the future. There is the need to identify the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s position in relation to its competitors, investigate the key successes and any potential risks that will affect the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business performance and to be able to identify how well the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s successes and risks are being managed. An accounting analysis is the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s accounting methods which can ultimately expose or obscure the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business strategy and economics. In order for the company to do this is must judge how effectively the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial statements can reflect the business, and the ability to learn how to adjust any financial statements as needed. A financial analysis is the ability to evaluate the effectiveness of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strategy, and to be able to make sound financial forecasts by examining all the cash flow measures and ratios of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s operating, financing and investment performance. The prospective analysis is the knowledge of how the company is performing and how it will perform in future markets which is the key to business decisions. A company evaluation is the process and procedures used to approximation the economic value of the company. A valuation of the company is used to determine the price by which they are willing to either pay or to receive to complete the sale of a business. Documents which are usually required to determine the company evaluation are the accounting documents à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" income statements, balance sheets, cash flows and annual reports etc. Depending on what kind of requirements are needed, there are several methods which can be used, discounted cash flow, net assets, peer comparison and the estimated liquidation value. The company valuation process starts with a tho rough definition of the company in questions activity, i.e. where sales have been achieved, the different criteria a competitor/ potential buyer will take into consideration during the valuation process. There are, of course, several factors which come to the forefront when looking at the accuracy of these figures and of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s past activity. These questions include are the figures are realisable to give the company a true evaluation. There has been a move away from accounting practices as company evaluations become more independent. There is a difference between the accounting approach and the marketing approach in that the accounting approach of company evaluation in that it is past orientated and the value is high earnings related. There are other factors which need to be considered aside from the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s earnings related monetary value. There is also the need to take into account several factors such as insufficient profit indicat ors, research and development expenditures, goodwill that the company has acquired. There is also the legitimisation of the accounting statements in regards to what is actually to the stakeholders, management and investors, that there may be different versions depending on the stake that it held in the company. There are several methods of company evaluation available, due to different accounting systems applying different categories. One of the most popular methods of evaluation is discounted cash flow, which according to discounted cash flow the value is the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s total earnings in cash that a company realises in its business activity during the long term operation. The company value is then the discounted value of the expected future cash flow. There are disadvantages of this system it can only be successfully applied when the company is operating in a stable economic environment and if it is in the adulthood of its life cycle as in the introduction phase it has no real forecasting basis. As in the first year of operation, most companies make losses rather than gains. In a stable environment, cash flow can be forecasted almost exactly. If however the company is situated within a dynamic environment it is impossible to use this method of discounted cash flow as it is near impossible to determine any potential revenue or cash flow. Valuation with multiplication indicators is based on the comparison of company indicators. Price/ Earnings (P/E), Price/ Sales (P/S), P/EBIT, P/EBITDA are the most widely used indicators. These indicators are easy to get access to if the company is listed on the Stock Exchange, but if the company is not listed, average indicators of listed companies from the same sectors are taken into account. Again there are disadvantages to this system, this method can be applied on a developed capital market where the average indicators of a lot of companies have been identified for some time and can be used as multip liers. The multiplication evaluation cannot be used if the company starts its operation on a completely new business model and if there are no other companies with a similar profit structure on the market. Economic Value Added (EVA) is the net operating profit less adjusted taxes. The main advantage of Economic Value Added is it takes into relation the opportunity of the costs of capital. This method is when a certain amount of capital is invested with a particular aim to the investment, the returns are lost which could have been realised and they could have been invested in something else. The conditions of profitability are not meet by the revenues which exceed the expenditures. The most important factor in this method is the cost of the invested capital has to meet the return objectives and these are not taken into account. The Economic Value Added method has become one of the main methods in monitoring the birth of Shareholder value. The Economic Value Added is the measure of the value a company has created for itself over a period of time and is very closely linked with Discounted Cash Flows. The disadvantages to this method, like discounted cash flows, is in the accounting. Share/ Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA) is the full revenue to shareholders in both dividends and share price growth, calculated as the present value of future cash flows of the business, discounted at the cost of capital of the business less the market value of its debt. Shareholder value theory is setting an objective which can be achieved through the interests of other stakeholders, there is the need to ensure the long term satisfaction of creditors, suppliers, consumers and employees. In the centralisation of this theory lies the interests collectively of all stakeholders. There is only one condition that the stakeholders are satisfied and with this the main goal of the company is to reach the stakeholders goals. Company value can be increased only if the interests of the s hareholders and stakeholders are taken into account. The new standard in company evaluation is Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA) due to the increasing realisation of the defects of conventional accounting. Accounting practices give confidence to a short term view of the business and company evaluation. It also encourages under investment and accounting practice only seems to concentrate on tangible assets. Shareholder Value Analysis can avoid this bias performed by the accounting practice but to achieve the Shareholder Value Analysis potential there needs to be some sort of marketing in order for it to make a viable contribution to the company strategy. The principle behind Shareholder Value Analysis is that the company/ business should be run in such a way that it maximises the return on the shareholders investments. It is a tool used for calculating the Shareholder Value Analysis from any given investment, profit and growth projections which have been made. As Shareholder Val ue Analysis does not tell managers how to work out strategies, and that is why a marketing strategy is needed. The main purpose behind Shareholder Value Analysis is that the economic value is created only when the company earns a return on investment which exceeds the cost of capital. Without any kind of unique advantage , the competition will end up driving the cost of capital down, so creating a Shareholder Value Analysis is about building a sustainable competitive advantage. . Whereas marketing provides the tools and encourages Shareholder Value Analysis to be growth orientated and dynamic rather than how it would not exist without a marketing strategy except as a static tool which focuses on ways to reduce costs and assets. Within the marketing strategy, Shareholder Evaluation only provides answers for evaluating company options and decision making options. Shareholder Value Analysis is used to calculate the total value of a strategy by discounting cash flows. With discountin g it reflects that there is a time value on money and because money can earn interest then the same amount received last year is worth more in the future. It is self interest which increasingly puts pressure on the company to maximise their shareholder value. There are financial value drivers associated with Shareholder Value Analysis and the marketing process is seen to influence these. Firstly, the anticipated level of operating cash flow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the greater future free cash flow anticipated the greater the return for the shareholders. Second, the anticipated timing of cash flow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" cash received today has more worth than cash received tomorrow so the cash flow is penetrated into the market earlier to positively generate more value. Thirdly, the anticipated sustainability of the cash flow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the more lasting the cash flow, the greater the value which is created. And finally, the anticipated riskiness of future cash flow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ Å" the greater the perceived volatility and vulnerability of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cash flow, the higher the cost of capital is to be used to discount the return for the shareholders. When it has been justified that a company value has been determined, there are several factors which should be taken into account besides the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s revenue creating ability. Apart from current company investments for creating values, there are factors such as expected potential investments, cash flow and other opportunities for growth. A companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s valuation can also be due to its possession of assets which can sooner or later produce free cash flow but also so that in the future it will be able to obtain them. There are various differences between market value and book value. To obtain assets recorded in the balance sheet may cost more than their book value. Assets should be sold independently and should not be shown in the accounting statements as t hey represent value for the company i.e. its own name or brand e.g. Coca Cola etc. The synergy effects of resource combinations adds value to the company à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the employees etc and they are not a separate entity in the balance sheet or accounting statements. The company should be able to make use of the creative value of the functional areas e.g. trademarks, brand names, patents and business secrets. There are also the market forces to consider i.e. the size of the market, market share, market growth etc. Other factors which need to be considered are life cycle, driving forces, core competences, restrictions on entering the market etc. The features of the country the company is in is another big factor and a company should perform a PEST(LE) to assess the political stability, regional position, technological development within the country, economic situation of the country, and cultural development among others. There human resource organisation is also of importanc e to the company evaluation e.g. cultural motivation, intellectual capital, creativity of the company, business relationships, goodwill etc. The workforce and organisation is full of contradictions in that there are labour related costs but also this labour can influence performance. Employees are knowledge and help with the running of the business through this knowledge and abilities in return for motivation, financial security from the company. With motivation and satisfaction comes loyalty and commitment from the employee. Loyalty creates value, this includes loyalty from the employee, customers and partners as well as the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s investors which can equal higher productivity, cost advantage and profit and growth. Business relationships are also important in creating value. Social and economic dimensions play a part in this. The evaluation of these business relationships depends on if the relationship is described as important or less important, and in ce rtain business sectors there is an emphasis on personal relationships because of competition in personal relationships as well. Performance evaluation is also an important factor as this provides important information for the company evaluation. The analysis framework for the performance evaluation is, orientation which is controlling, reporting and feedback, the second is balance which is the content and information available, and thirdly, consistency which is the strategic links as well as the harmony between application and importance. Performance measurements should provide the company with information supporting the decision making process and to ensure feedback. It is also important to understand what kind of information the company collects and on what. The source of the information and its character are important factors. In order to critically review the different methods of company evaluation, a number of issues needed to be investigated. What is company evaluation a nd how is it perceived. Another question which was examined is the valuation tools involved in a company evaluation. These included a number of factors à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" discounted cash flows, Economic Value Added (EVA) and valuation with multiplication indicators. From this came Share/ Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA), their drivers and how they are seen to drive the value of a company. These are all very important factors when evaluating a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s worth and to how that evaluation is perceived through a number of factors produced both by internal and external factors. Bibliography Doyle, P., (2000) Value-Based Marketing: Marketing Strategies for Corporate growth and Shareholder Value, Wiley, New York Thierauf, R.J., (1980) Management Auditing: A Questioning Approach, AMACOM, New York 1 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The different methods of company evaluation" essay for you Create order